為增進(jin)(jin)(jin)社會各(ge)界(jie)對小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)全(quan)貌的了(le)解，為管理(li)部(bu)門制定產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)政策和(he)(he)廣(guang)大(da)從業(ye)(ye)(ye)者生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營活動提供參考，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)持續健(jian)康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，在農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)漁政管理(li)局指導(dao)下(xia)，全(quan)國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術推(tui)廣(guang)總站(zhan)、中(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)學會、中(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)流(liu)通(tong)與加工協會聯合(he)編(bian)寫了(le)《中(zhong)國(guo)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)報告(gao)（2022）》。《報告(gao)》全(quan)面梳理(li)了(le)2021年我國(guo)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)養殖生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、加工和(he)(he)流(liu)通(tong)、消(xiao)費(fei)和(he)(he)貿易、品牌(pai)和(he)(he)節慶活動、飼料和(he)(he)調味料生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)等(deng)上下(xia)游產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)及政策扶持等(deng)情況，分析(xi)了(le)當前(qian)制約(yue)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的主要問題(ti)，并提出創新種養模式(shi)、夯實(shi)種業(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎、補齊(qi)加工業(ye)(ye)(ye)短板、推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)集(ji)群化和(he)(he)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)等(deng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)建(jian)議。《報告(gao)》全(quan)文(wen)如下(xia)。    

近年(nian)來，我國小龍蝦產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)蓬勃發展，養殖面(mian)積(ji)和(he)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)保持較(jiao)快(kuai)增長，養殖模(mo)式(shi)創新(xin)發展，稻蝦種養向不挖溝或少(shao)挖溝模(mo)式(shi)轉變，餐飲(yin)市場規(gui)模(mo)持續擴大，加工業(ye)(ye)、流通業(ye)(ye)、“小龍蝦+”文旅(lv)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)等(deng)快(kuai)速發展，全(quan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈和(he)集群化發展水平不斷提高。小龍蝦產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)在保障菜籃(lan)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)穩定供(gong)給和(he)促進漁業(ye)(ye)增效漁民增收中(zhong)發揮了重要(yao)作用，并成為一些(xie)地區(qu)推進鄉(xiang)村振興、壯大縣域經濟的重要(yao)特(te)色(se)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。

    為促進(jin)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)業(ye)持續健康(kang)發展(zhan)，在農業(ye)農村部(bu)漁業(ye)漁政(zheng)管(guan)理局指導下，全國(guo)水產(chan)技術推廣總(zong)站、中(zhong)國(guo)水產(chan)學會聯合中(zhong)國(guo)水產(chan)流通與加工協會編寫了(le)《中(zhong)國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)報告(gao)（2022）》。報告(gao)對2021年我國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)狀況進(jin)行了(le)全面(mian)梳理，分析了(le)制約產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)的主要(yao)問(wen)題，并提出發展(zhan)建議。

一、產業規模

2021年(nian)，我國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)，雖然因新冠肺炎疫情受到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)影響，但總體(ti)上穩中有進、穩中向(xiang)好，實現恢復性增(zeng)長。據(ju)測(ce)算，2021年(nian)我國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)總產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)4221.95億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長22.43%（統計未包(bao)括港澳臺(tai)地區，下(xia)同），并高于(yu)2019年(nian)水平（2019年(nian)總產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)4110億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)）。其中，小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)養殖業(ye)產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)823.44億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長10.03%；以加工業(ye)為(wei)(wei)主的第(di)二產(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)368.51億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)下(xia)降23.24%；以餐飲(yin)為(wei)(wei)主的第(di)三(san)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)3030億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長36.49%。一(yi)(yi)二三(san)產(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)2∶1∶7。

    二、養殖生產

    （一）面(mian)積和產量

    2021年(nian)，我國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)養殖(zhi)面積2600萬畝、產(chan)量263.36萬噸，同比分別增長19.01%和10.02%，繼(ji)續(xu)保持較快(kuai)增長。小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)養殖(zhi)產(chan)量占全國(guo)淡(dan)水養殖(zhi)總產(chan)量的(de)8.27%，位(wei)列我國(guo)淡(dan)水養殖(zhi)品種第6位(wei)（前5位(wei)分別是(shi)草魚、鰱魚、鳙(yong)魚、鯉(li)魚、鯽魚）。

    （二）養殖方式

    小龍蝦養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)主(zhu)要(yao)包括稻(dao)(dao)蝦種養(yang)(yang)(yang)、池塘養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)（包括精養(yang)(yang)(yang)、蟹池混養(yang)(yang)(yang)）、藕田養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)、大水面增養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)等(deng)方式(shi)，以(yi)稻(dao)(dao)蝦種養(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)主(zhu)。其中，稻(dao)(dao)蝦種養(yang)(yang)(yang)又以(yi)環溝模(mo)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)，但近年來不挖溝、少挖溝模(mo)式(shi)逐漸(jian)興起，成(cheng)為(wei)各地新發(fa)展稻(dao)(dao)蝦種養(yang)(yang)(yang)的重(zhong)要(yao)模(mo)式(shi)。

2021年，稻(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)面(mian)積(ji)2100萬畝(mu)，小龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)220萬噸(dun)，面(mian)積(ji)和(he)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)同比分別(bie)增長10.99%、6.68%，占(zhan)小龍(long)蝦(xia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖面(mian)積(ji)和(he)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)80.77%、83.54%；作為(wei)稻(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)最主要模(mo)式，稻(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分別(bie)占(zhan)全(quan)國稻(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)面(mian)積(ji)及水產(chan)品產(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)52.95%和(he)61.85%。稻(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)仍保持較快發展(zhan)，但隨(sui)著基數的(de)增大，稻(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)發展(zhan)趨于(yu)穩定，稻(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)增速有(you)所放緩。

    池(chi)塘養(yang)殖(zhi)（包括精養(yang)、蝦蟹混養(yang)）、藕田(tian)養(yang)殖(zhi)、大水面增養(yang)殖(zhi)等(deng)方式的小龍蝦養(yang)殖(zhi)面積500萬(wan)畝，產量43.36萬(wan)噸，其中又以池(chi)塘養(yang)殖(zhi)為(wei)主。

    （三）區域分(fen)布

    2021年我國有小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦養殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)報告的省份23個(ge)。其中，湖(hu)北、安徽(hui)、湖(hu)南、江(jiang)蘇、江(jiang)西5個(ge)傳(chuan)統小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦養殖(zhi)大省仍(reng)然占(zhan)(zhan)據絕對主導地位，養殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)241.11萬噸，占(zhan)(zhan)全國小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦養殖(zhi)總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)的91.55%；第6到10位依次(ci)為(wei)四川、山東、河南、浙江(jiang)、重慶，養殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)20.36萬噸，占(zhan)(zhan)全國小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦養殖(zhi)總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)的7.73%。

    按縣(xian)域排名，全國小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)養殖(zhi)產量超2萬噸(dun)(dun)的縣(xian)（市、區）34個(ge)，其中：湖(hu)北省12個(ge)、安徽(hui)省9個(ge)、湖(hu)南省5個(ge)、江西省5個(ge)、江蘇省3個(ge)（見表2）。34個(ge)縣(xian)（市、區）小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)總產量161.35萬噸(dun)(dun)，占全國小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)養殖(zhi)總產量的61.27%。

    三、小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)加工

    （一）加工企業

    2021年(nian)，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)量(liang)約85萬噸，比2020年(nian)略有下(xia)降(jiang)，主要原因為2021年(nian)上(shang)半年(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)市場價格高于2020年(nian)同期，加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)收(shou)購小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)普遍推遲。從2021年(nian)開始(shi)，農業(ye)農村部、財政(zheng)部聯合實施漁業(ye)發展支(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)策(ce)，將“水產(chan)品(pin)初(chu)加工(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)冷藏保鮮設施設備建設”列為支(zhi)持(chi)方向，在相關政(zheng)策(ce)、項目(mu)、資金引(yin)導和(he)(he)帶動下(xia)，各地加快推進(jin)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)群建設和(he)(he)全(quan)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)發展，2021年(nian)全(quan)國小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)規模(mo)以上(shang)加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)達(da)到162家(jia)，新增約30家(jia)，產(chan)能(neng)(neng)提(ti)升明顯。加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)數(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)的增長反(fan)映了業(ye)界長期看好小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)業(ye)發展。

    從區域分布看，小龍蝦(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)主要集(ji)中在湖(hu)(hu)北、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)、湖(hu)(hu)南、安徽、江(jiang)(jiang)西等傳統小龍蝦(xia)(xia)養殖大省(sheng)。其中，湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)小龍蝦(xia)(xia)規模(mo)以上加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)超(chao)過80家，小龍蝦(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)量超(chao)萬噸企(qi)(qi)業(ye)9家，國家級(ji)農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)化重點龍頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)5家，年加(jia)(jia)工(gong)量超(chao)過30萬噸。此(ci)外，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)、安徽兩(liang)省(sheng)小龍蝦(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)業(ye)發展(zhan)迅速。

    （二(er)）加工產品

    小龍蝦加工(gong)分為初(chu)級加工(gong)和加工(gong)副(fu)產物綜(zong)合利用(yong)，以(yi)初(chu)級加工(gong)為主(zhu)。

    初級(ji)加(jia)工產(chan)品(pin)(pin)主要包括(kuo)速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)制品(pin)(pin)（包括(kuo)速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)尾、速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)仁、速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)整(zheng)(zheng)肢蝦(xia)(xia)）和(he)即食(shi)(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)（包括(kuo)調(diao)味小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)、小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)休閑食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)等）。傳統(tong)的小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)初級(ji)加(jia)工主要是速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)制品(pin)(pin)，以速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)尾和(he)速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)仁為(wei)主，二者之比約為(wei)2∶1。近年來(lai)，速凍(dong)(dong)(dong)制品(pin)(pin)占(zhan)比逐(zhu)漸下(xia)降，即食(shi)(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)占(zhan)比提高。即食(shi)(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)中，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)預制菜成為(wei)市場新寵，調(diao)味帶殼(ke)蝦(xia)(xia)尾、調(diao)味整(zheng)(zheng)肢蝦(xia)(xia)等調(diao)味小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)需求大幅增加(jia)。我(wo)國水產(chan)品(pin)(pin)預制菜處于“藍海(hai)市場”，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)預制菜應用場景豐富，發(fa)展(zhan)空間巨大。

    小(xiao)龍蝦加工副產(chan)(chan)物(wu)(wu)綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)(yong)保持(chi)良好(hao)發(fa)展態勢。小(xiao)龍蝦加工產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的蝦頭、蝦殼(ke)等(deng)副產(chan)(chan)物(wu)(wu)占原料(liao)的7成以(yi)上，可提取油脂、功能(neng)肽、蝦青素、甲(jia)殼(ke)素、殼(ke)聚糖(tang)等(deng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，可廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于食品、醫(yi)藥、保健等(deng)領(ling)域，綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)(yong)潛力巨大。目前，該類加工企(qi)業主要(yao)集中(zhong)在湖北(bei)省(sheng)，以(yi)華山科技股份有限公(gong)司為(wei)代表，加工產(chan)(chan)品主要(yao)有甲(jia)殼(ke)素、氨基葡萄糖(tang)鹽酸鹽等(deng)甲(jia)殼(ke)素衍(yan)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)品，年處理廢棄蝦殼(ke)10萬噸。其他(ta)養殖大省(sheng)逐步涉足小(xiao)龍蝦加工副產(chan)(chan)物(wu)(wu)綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)(yong)領(ling)域，2021年新增多條精深加工生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線，典(dian)型企(qi)業如湖南省(sheng)的順祥食品有限公(gong)司、江西省(sheng)的九江凱瑞生(sheng)態農業開發(fa)有限公(gong)司等(deng)。

    四(si)、市場流通、消費和貿(mao)易

    （一）價(jia)格走勢

    2021年，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)企穩回升，不同規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)均有(you)所上(shang)漲，但市(shi)場分化(hua)明顯，大規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)保持高(gao)位運行，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)量(liang)大價(jia)(jia)低(di)，反(fan)映了由(you)“大養蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)”向(xiang)“養大蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)”轉變的迫切市(shi)場需(xu)求(qiu)。以湖北(bei)省為例，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)上(shang)市(shi)高(gao)峰期，4錢以下規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)約(yue)6—10元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)，4—6錢規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)約(yue)20元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)，6—9錢規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)約(yue)35—40元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)，9錢以上(shang)規格(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)高(gao)于(yu)70元(yuan)(yuan)/公(gong)斤(jin)。

    小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)價格周(zhou)期(qi)性特征明(ming)顯，全年走勢仍(reng)然呈(cheng)U型(xing)，1—3月和10—12月小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)傳統生產淡季價格較高，5—6月小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)集中上市(shi)期(qi)價格較低(di)，5月下(xia)旬(xun)至6月上旬(xun)價格處于最低(di)點。

    （二）市(shi)場流通(tong)

    小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)體(ti)系(xi)不(bu)斷建(jian)(jian)立健全，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和(he)(he)布局逐(zhu)漸(jian)完善，電商(shang)平臺(tai)快(kuai)速介入(ru)和(he)(he)發(fa)展，物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運輸(shu)能力(li)不(bu)斷提(ti)高。小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)養殖大省(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)建(jian)(jian)立了(le)集(ji)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)、流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)、集(ji)散(san)、倉儲功(gong)能于一體(ti)的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)綜合(he)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)，重點(dian)縣(xian)(xian)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、區）紛紛建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)批發(fa)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)，在鄉鎮(zhen)設(she)(she)立分(fen)(fen)揀中(zhong)心或收購點(dian)，經(jing)紀人(ren)向農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)、合(he)作社等(deng)生產經(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)收購小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，經(jing)批發(fa)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)分(fen)(fen)級包裝后發(fa)往外(wai)省(sheng)(sheng)，實現產銷(xiao)有(you)(you)效對接(jie)。湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)現有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)300多(duo)個(ge)，其中(zhong)：大型交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)7個(ge)、小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產地(di)集(ji)散(san)點(dian)600多(duo)個(ge)、村鎮(zhen)集(ji)散(san)點(dian)600多(duo)個(ge)；物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運輸(shu)線(xian)路不(bu)斷開拓(tuo)，形成了(le)覆蓋全國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要消費市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)體(ti)系(xi)，其中(zhong)潛(qian)江市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以垂直(zhi)電商(shang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)平臺(tai)“蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)谷360”和(he)(he)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)服(fu)務平臺(tai)“蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)谷快(kuai)運”為核心，建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)了(le)覆蓋周邊(bian)、輻射全國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)綜合(he)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心，入(ru)駐商(shang)戶(hu)500多(duo)家，可(ke)配(pei)送(song)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)300多(duo)個(ge)大中(zhong)城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、3000多(duo)家終端。江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)積極拓(tuo)展線(xian)上線(xian)下銷(xiao)售(shou)渠道，加快(kuai)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)鏈(lian)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)服(fu)務機構建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，盱眙(yi)縣(xian)(xian)與順豐、泗洪縣(xian)(xian)與京東分(fen)(fen)別簽訂小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)業務戰略合(he)作框(kuang)架(jia)協議，盱眙(yi)縣(xian)(xian)在建(jian)(jian)全球龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心及冷(leng)(leng)(leng)鏈(lian)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)項目(mu)，計劃投資10億元，建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)及其產品交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)庫及物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)配(pei)送(song)中(zhong)心，構建(jian)(jian)全程冷(leng)(leng)(leng)鏈(lian)配(pei)送(song)體(ti)系(xi)。江西省(sheng)(sheng)各類(lei)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運輸(shu)組織達(da)(da)900多(duo)個(ge)，2021年(nian)(nian)新增120多(duo)個(ge)，全省(sheng)(sheng)具有(you)(you)一定規模的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)40多(duo)處，部分(fen)(fen)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)配(pei)有(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)鏈(lian)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)設(she)(she)施，全年(nian)(nian)通(tong)過電商(shang)平臺(tai)銷(xiao)售(shou)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產品4.2萬(wan)噸(dun)。河南省(sheng)(sheng)潢川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)都小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產業園在本(ben)地(di)和(he)(he)周邊(bian)縣(xian)(xian)區試點(dian)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)分(fen)(fen)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心和(he)(he)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)鏈(lian)物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)支(zhi)機構，在信陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)8縣(xian)(xian)2區提(ti)供農(nong)(nong)達(da)(da)快(kuai)運短駁車(che)免費服(fu)務，20條專線(xian)通(tong)達(da)(da)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)200多(duo)個(ge)城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，2021年(nian)(nian)鮮活小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)出貨2.5萬(wan)噸(dun)，累計交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)額(e)超6億元。

    （三）餐飲消費(fei)

    近年(nian)來，小龍(long)蝦餐(can)飲消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)持(chi)續火爆，帶動了小龍(long)蝦產業(ye)蓬勃發展。2020年(nian)新冠肺炎疫情發生后，餐(can)飲業(ye)受(shou)到較大沖擊，小龍(long)蝦線(xian)下消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)疲軟，線(xian)上(shang)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)大幅增(zeng)加。2021年(nian)，小龍(long)蝦線(xian)下消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)基本恢復，線(xian)上(shang)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)繼(ji)續保(bao)持(chi)較快(kuai)增(zeng)長。

    線(xian)下(xia)門(men)店特(te)色明顯(xian)，包括小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)主(zhu)題(ti)連鎖(suo)餐廳(ting)、將小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)作(zuo)為夏季主(zhu)推菜品的(de)(de)(de)飯店酒樓、以(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)為招牌菜品的(de)(de)(de)平價餐館和大(da)排(pai)檔等(deng)三類(lei)。一(yi)些地(di)方通(tong)過建立小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)餐飲一(yi)條街、美食(shi)城(cheng)，打造(zao)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)美食(shi)文化地(di)標，帶動線(xian)下(xia)消費，促進餐飲企業(ye)抱團發(fa)展。2021年湖北省(sheng)各類(lei)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)餐飲實(shi)體(ti)(ti)店近2萬家，產(chan)值(zhi)達(da)540億元左右。江(jiang)西省(sheng)各類(lei)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)餐飲實(shi)體(ti)(ti)店4600多家，2021年新增加600多家。線(xian)下(xia)消費龐大(da)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場催生了一(yi)批小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)知名(ming)餐飲品牌，主(zhu)產(chan)區知名(ming)餐飲品牌有(you)湖北省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)皇、巴厘(li)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)、靚(jing)靚(jing)蒸蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，湖南省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)文和友、有(you)間蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)鋪等(deng)；主(zhu)要消費城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)知名(ming)餐飲品牌有(you)上(shang)海市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)紅盔(kui)甲、滬(hu)小(xiao)(xiao)胖，深圳市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)松哥油燜大(da)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)、墮(duo)落小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，成(cheng)都市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)霸王蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，北京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)胡大(da)飯館等(deng)。

    小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線上(shang)滲透(tou)率(lv)逐(zhu)年(nian)提高，外賣成為小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)餐飲消(xiao)費重要(yao)渠道。據美團有關數(shu)據，2021年(nian)1—9月(yue)，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線上(shang)門店數(shu)量和外賣訂單(dan)量均(jun)高于2020年(nian)同期(qi)。小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線上(shang)消(xiao)費周期(qi)性與小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)產一致(zhi)，1—2月(yue)、9—12月(yue)為淡季(ji)，從3月(yue)開始(shi)，線上(shang)消(xiao)費呈(cheng)現爆發式增長，5—6月(yue)達到(dao)高峰，隨后開始(shi)下降(jiang)。每(mei)年(nian)4—8月(yue)為小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)消(xiao)費旺季(ji)。

    調味小龍蝦產品(pin)類型的豐富(fu)、應用場景的拓(tuo)展和市場占有(you)(you)率的提升，以(yi)及物(wu)流運輸體(ti)系的不斷發展，為小龍蝦線上(shang)消(xiao)費長期穩(wen)定發展提供了有(you)(you)力(li)支撐。如江蘇省盱(xu)眙縣在上(shang)海等目標(biao)城市設立(li)盱(xu)眙龍蝦中央廚房，與美團外(wai)賣簽訂戰略合作協議等，建立(li)30分鐘配送(song)圈，有(you)(you)力(li)促進了小龍蝦即時消(xiao)費。

（四）進出口貿易

根據海關(guan)有關(guan)統計(ji)數(shu)據，2021年(nian)我國小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦國際貿易(yi)回(hui)暖，全年(nian)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦出口量(liang)9863.46噸，同比增長(chang)27.42%，出口額11943.13萬美(mei)元，同比增長(chang)57.93%；小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦進口量(liang)5435.28噸，同比增長(chang)44.48%，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦進口額10641.46萬美(mei)元，同比增長(chang)80.05%。

    五、品牌建設(she)和節慶活動

    （一）品(pin)牌建設

    近(jin)年來，各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)紛紛發力區(qu)(qu)域公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)建設，基于地(di)(di)(di)方自然和人文資源稟賦，強(qiang)化種質資源保護(hu)和品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質管理(li)(li)(li)，培育了(le)一(yi)批小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)區(qu)(qu)域公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，在服務“三(san)農(nong)”、促進區(qu)(qu)域經濟(ji)發展中(zhong)(zhong)發揮了(le)重(zhong)要作用，形成了(le)“培育一(yi)個品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)個產(chan)業，富(fu)裕(yu)一(yi)方百(bai)姓”的(de)喜人局面。目(mu)前全(quan)國(guo)各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)保護(hu)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)證明商標(biao)(biao)(biao)、農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有21個，其中(zhong)(zhong)17個為(wei)近(jin)5年獲得。在品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)享方面，各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)通過規范品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)授權管理(li)(li)(li)，加大(da)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)營銷(xiao)推(tui)介(jie)，區(qu)(qu)域公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)影響力和帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)力不斷提升(sheng)。2021年，盱眙龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)先后入選農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、《中(zhong)(zhong)歐地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)協定》中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名(ming)單，獲得“第二屆江蘇省(sheng)十(shi)強(qiang)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)區(qu)(qu)域公(gong)用品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)”榮譽稱(cheng)號，根(gen)據第三(san)方評定，盱眙龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)價值達(da)215.51億元，位列全(quan)國(guo)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)區(qu)(qu)域品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)榜第11名(ming)。湖(hu)北省(sheng)全(quan)力打造潛(qian)江龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)區(qu)(qu)域公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，發揮品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)溢出(chu)效應，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)全(quan)省(sheng)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)享，根(gen)據第三(san)方評定，潛(qian)江龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)價值達(da)251.8億元。江西省(sheng)以(yi)鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)業集群為(wei)引(yin)領，推(tui)進鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)建設，新增鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)專賣(mai)店30多家，達(da)210多家，通過鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)銷(xiao)售的(de)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)3萬多噸。

    依托(tuo)區域公共(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)，各(ge)地積(ji)極打造“區域公共(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)+企(qi)業品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)+產品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”小龍蝦品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)體系，取得顯著(zhu)成效。各(ge)地涌現了(le)一(yi)批全國或區域性企(qi)業自(zi)主品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)，如湖北省(sheng)的“楚江(jiang)(jiang)紅”“良仁”、湖南省(sheng)的“漁家姑娘”、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省(sheng)的“紅胖胖”“今(jin)錦上”等。

    （二）節慶活動

    在小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)集中(zhong)上市和銷售旺季(ji)，各地通過(guo)舉辦各類(lei)小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)開(kai)捕節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)美(mei)食(shi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、蝦(xia)王爭霸賽、小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)產業博(bo)覽會等(deng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶活(huo)動，以(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)造市，拉動消費，提升品牌形象(xiang)。據(ju)不完全統計，2021年各地舉辦較(jiao)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)以(yi)(yi)小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)主題(ti)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶、會展等(deng)活(huo)動近(jin)30場次。其中(zhong)，盱(xu)眙(yi)國際龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)已(yi)舉辦21屆，湖北(bei)（潛(qian)江(jiang)）龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉辦12屆，合(he)肥龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉辦20屆，監利小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉辦4屆。一些節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶活(huo)動已(yi)成(cheng)為當地城(cheng)市的(de)靚(jing)麗(li)名片。新浪微博(bo)“潛(qian)江(jiang)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”“盱(xu)眙(yi)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”等(deng)話題(ti)瀏覽次數超(chao)過(guo)5000萬(wan)。

    六(liu)、飼料和調(diao)味料生產

    小龍蝦產業(ye)蓬勃發展，有(you)力(li)帶(dai)動了上下游和周邊產業(ye)。

    養殖端，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等投(tou)入(ru)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)表(biao)現亮(liang)眼(yan)。據調(diao)查統計(ji)，2021年全(quan)(quan)國從事小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)企(qi)業(ye)約220家(jia)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)150萬(wan)噸、產(chan)(chan)值75億元，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)銷售量(liang)(liang)較大(da)的(de)企(qi)業(ye)主(zhu)要是國內大(da)型龍(long)(long)頭(tou)水產(chan)(chan)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)企(qi)業(ye)，如(ru)海大(da)集(ji)團、通威股份、粵海飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等，反映了飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)業(ye)對小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)的(de)關(guan)注和(he)重(zhong)視。據測算，如(ru)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)養殖全(quan)(quan)部采用飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)投(tou)喂(wei)方式，全(quan)(quan)國小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)總需求(qiu)量(liang)(liang)約250萬(wan)噸。隨(sui)著(zhu)集(ji)約化種養模式發展，以及由“大(da)養蝦(xia)(xia)”向“養大(da)蝦(xia)(xia)”觀念的(de)轉變(bian)，飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應用越來越普(pu)遍，飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)需求(qiu)進一步釋放，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)銷售量(liang)(liang)尚有較大(da)空間(jian)。

    消(xiao)費端，小龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)調味(wei)料受到廣(guang)大消(xiao)費者青睞，近(jin)年來發展快速。小龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)調味(wei)品生(sheng)產企業分布廣(guang)泛，在產銷兩地(di)均有典型企業。主產區如江(jiang)蘇省的(de)(de)盱眙許記味(wei)食(shi)，湖(hu)北省的(de)(de)安(an)琪酵母，消(xiao)費地(di)區如上海市的(de)(de)頤海（上海）食(shi)品，福建省的(de)(de)安(an)記食(shi)品，重慶市的(de)(de)聚(ju)慧食(shi)品。

    七、政策保(bao)障

    近年來，小(xiao)龍蝦產(chan)業受(shou)到各(ge)級(ji)政府高度重(zhong)視，紛紛出(chu)臺指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)見、產(chan)業規劃(hua)等各(ge)類政策文(wen)件，同時在項目和資金等方(fang)面(mian)予以支(zhi)持，推動了(le)小(xiao)龍蝦產(chan)業持續健康發展。當前政策扶持方(fang)向(xiang)主要是(shi)促進產(chan)業集(ji)群發展和全產(chan)業鏈發展，并突出(chu)科技(ji)支(zhi)撐保(bao)障作(zuo)用。

    集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)發展(zhan)和(he)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈發展(zhan)方面(mian)，農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)、財(cai)政部(bu)持續推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)家現代農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)園、優(you)勢特色產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)建(jian)(jian)設，聚(ju)焦規(gui)模種養業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，優(you)化產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布局(ju)，匯集(ji)(ji)(ji)資源要素，推(tui)進(jin)集(ji)(ji)(ji)聚(ju)發展(zhan)。2020年湖北小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)、江(jiang)西(xi)鄱陽湖小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)，2021年安(an)徽江(jiang)淮(huai)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)先(xian)后(hou)入(ru)(ru)選(xuan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)和(he)財(cai)政部(bu)優(you)勢特色產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)建(jian)(jian)設名單(dan)（江(jiang)蘇省小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)入(ru)(ru)選(xuan)2022年建(jian)(jian)設名單(dan)）。農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)評選(xuan)的全國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈典型縣(xian)，江(jiang)西(xi)省彭澤(ze)縣(xian)、湖南(nan)省南(nan)縣(xian)分別被評為小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈典型縣(xian)、稻蝦(xia)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈典型縣(xian)。湖北省委、省政府將小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈納入(ru)(ru)十大農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)重點產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈建(jian)(jian)設，做強(qiang)龍(long)(long)頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、打造知名品牌、強(qiang)化科技支撐，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值超千(qian)億元。安(an)徽省圍繞江(jiang)淮(huai)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)，從標準化基地建(jian)(jian)設、加工升級、市場開拓(tuo)、品牌打造等(deng)方面(mian)綜(zong)合施策，集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)內小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達160多億元，較建(jian)(jian)設前增加近50億元。

    科技(ji)支撐方面(mian)，以(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振(zhen)興(xing)行(xing)動為契機，各地聚(ju)焦制約(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)源和(he)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)瓶頸(jing)問(wen)題精(jing)準發(fa)(fa)力(li)。江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)納入農業(ye)重大新(xin)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)制項(xiang)目(mu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振(zhen)興(xing)揭榜掛帥項(xiang)目(mu)支持范(fan)圍，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振(zhen)興(xing)揭榜掛帥項(xiang)目(mu)安排(pai)3個項(xiang)目(mu)、1300萬元用(yong)于(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)。湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)益(yi)陽市(shi)政(zheng)府支持湖南(nan)(nan)師范(fan)大學(xue)劉少軍院士團隊與(yu)(yu)國聯（益(yi)陽）食品有(you)限公司(si)合作(zuo)成立湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優質水生生物繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)加工研(yan)究院，聯合湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水產(chan)科學(xue)研(yan)究所(suo)開展(zhan)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)加工技(ji)術研(yan)究。針對小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)苗種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主要依靠自繁(fan)(fan)(fan)的(de)問(wen)題，各地積(ji)極(ji)布局，支持建(jian)(jian)設規模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地、小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場等(deng)。2019—2021年(nian)(nian)，湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)投資(zi)1000萬元建(jian)(jian)設4個省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)規模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地，新(xin)增3家(jia)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場。江(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重點建(jian)(jian)設8家(jia)年(nian)(nian)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)億(yi)尾以(yi)上(shang)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)中心，2021年(nian)(nian)新(xin)增20余處(chu)具(ju)有(you)一定(ding)規模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地，全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)已(yi)有(you)220余處(chu)。此外，以(yi)穩糧和(he)增效(xiao)為導向，各地積(ji)極(ji)探索(suo)創(chuang)新(xin)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，加大推廣(guang)應用(yong)，取得(de)顯(xian)著成效(xiao)。繁(fan)(fan)(fan)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)離、無溝(gou)(gou)坑(keng)(keng)等(deng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)得(de)到廣(guang)泛認(ren)可和(he)支持，2021年(nian)(nian)湖北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)潛江(jiang)市(shi)推廣(guang)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)離模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)5萬畝(mu)，畝(mu)均效(xiao)益(yi)3000元以(yi)上(shang)。江(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推廣(guang)無環溝(gou)(gou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)35萬畝(mu)，2021年(nian)(nian)新(xin)增20萬畝(mu)。安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)積(ji)極(ji)推廣(guang)霍邱縣三流鄉原生態稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，基(ji)本不(bu)開挖溝(gou)(gou)坑(keng)(keng)，綜合效(xiao)益(yi)顯(xian)著。“稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)+N”輪作(zuo)/共作(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)不(bu)斷創(chuang)新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，如湖北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)土憨巴(ba)、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)鱔(shan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)蟹、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)魚模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)鱉、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)烏(wu)鱧模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)等(deng)，均取得(de)積(ji)極(ji)成效(xiao)。池(chi)塘養(yang)殖(zhi)方面(mian)，形成了池(chi)塘精(jing)養(yang)、蟹池(chi)套(tao)養(yang)、蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)鱖輪養(yang)等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，養(yang)殖(zhi)效(xiao)益(yi)進一步提(ti)高(gao)。

    此外，在長(chang)江中(zhong)(zhong)下游(you)地區等傳統小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)養殖主(zhu)產區之(zhi)(zhi)外，一(yi)些地方將發展小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產業作(zuo)為鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振興、產業興旺(wang)的重點工作(zuo)。廣(guang)西區貴港市利(li)用當地的自然資(zi)源和(he)氣候條(tiao)件(jian)發展反季節小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)養殖，將稻蝦(xia)(xia)種養列入市委市政府(fu)2021年(nian)重點工作(zuo)，并(bing)提出打造“中(zhong)(zhong)國富硒(xi)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”發展的目(mu)標，計(ji)劃(hua)發展50萬(wan)畝稻蝦(xia)(xia)種養。截至2021底，稻蝦(xia)(xia)種養土地流轉面積達12萬(wan)畝，建成稻蝦(xia)(xia)田(tian)超過5萬(wan)畝。

    八、存(cun)在問題與發展建議

    （一(yi)）主(zhu)要問(wen)題

    一(yi)是種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)亟待創新。盡管各地稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)推陳出(chu)(chu)新，但仍以(yi)繁(fan)養(yang)(yang)一(yi)體化的稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)連作(zuo)、稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)共作(zuo)+連作(zuo)為主，養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)粗(cu)放，生產(chan)(chan)技術水(shui)平和標準(zhun)化程(cheng)度不(bu)(bu)高，近年來種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)效益有所(suo)下(xia)降。繁(fan)養(yang)(yang)分離(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)技術成(cheng)熟度有待提升，平板式(shi)或無(wu)環溝(gou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)經濟(ji)效益不(bu)(bu)如(ru)環溝(gou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，制約了大面(mian)積推廣普及。此外，出(chu)(chu)于(yu)穩糧保供需(xu)要，一(yi)些地區鼓勵雙季稻(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，對傳(chuan)統稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)連作(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)造(zao)成(cheng)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)影響(xiang)(xiang)。稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)必須及時創新、調整(zheng)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)，以(yi)適應水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)生產(chan)(chan)需(xu)要。二是種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展相對滯后。當前(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)苗種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)以(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)繁(fan)為主，繁(fan)養(yang)(yang)分離(li)、專(zhuan)池繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)、溫室大棚繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)等方(fang)式(shi)占比較低(di)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)繁(fan)自(zi)(zi)(zi)育(yu)(yu)、多(duo)代同田（塘(tang)）導致(zhi)長期近親繁(fan)殖(zhi)及捕大留小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)負向選擇，造(zao)成(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)規(gui)(gui)格小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、生長速度慢、抗逆性下(xia)降等種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質退化問題(ti)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)苗種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)化、工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠化程(cheng)度低(di)，商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體系、品質改良體系建(jian)設滯后，難以(yi)對小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)以(yi)及種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源收集、保護和良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)(yu)形(xing)成(cheng)有力(li)支(zhi)撐。三(san)是加工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問題(ti)突出(chu)(chu)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)主要使用(yong)中小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)規(gui)(gui)格小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)，與鮮活小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)消費(fei)市場對大規(gui)(gui)格小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)的偏好形(xing)成(cheng)有益互補，但當前(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)比例(li)低(di)，難以(yi)支(zhi)撐產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)穩定(ding)(ding)發展。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和裝備亟待升級，自(zi)(zi)(zi)動化生產(chan)(chan)水(shui)平不(bu)(bu)高，去(qu)蝦(xia)頭、剝蝦(xia)等操作(zuo)需(xu)要大量人工(gong)(gong)(gong)，加之小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)出(chu)(chu)肉(rou)率低(di)、副(fu)產(chan)(chan)物多(duo)以(yi)原料出(chu)(chu)售(shou)等特點(dian)，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)居高不(bu)(bu)下(xia)，影響(xiang)(xiang)了企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)積極(ji)性。此外，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)標準(zhun)體系建(jian)設滯后，如(ru)一(yi)些企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)的冰(bing)凍小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)含冰(bing)量達到50%甚至(zhi)更高，既造(zao)成(cheng)資源和能源浪費(fei)，又影響(xiang)(xiang)了產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)形(xing)象。

    （二）發(fa)展建議(yi)

    一是(shi)創新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式。改(gai)革稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)連作、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)共作+連作等(deng)(deng)(deng)傳(chuan)統種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)精細化(hua)(hua)管理和(he)(he)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術水平(ping)。優化(hua)(hua)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)、總結(jie)完善繁(fan)養(yang)(yang)分離(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，在稻(dao)田(tian)平(ping)整、水源(yuan)充(chong)沛地區(qu)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)試驗示(shi)范，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)推(tui)廣(guang)力度(du)。充(chong)分利(li)用(yong)(yong)稻(dao)田(tian)時空(kong)資源(yuan)和(he)(he)其他養(yang)(yang)殖品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，創新(xin)“稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)+N”等(deng)(deng)(deng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，豐富(fu)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)內涵。積極探索(suo)反季節種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，促進(jin)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)由長江中下游地區(qu)“南下北上”。二是(shi)夯(hang)實種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎(chu)。把(ba)握種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振興發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)遇(yu)，推(tui)動小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系建設(she)納入各地種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)政策支持體(ti)系。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)資源(yuan)調查、良種(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)(yu)及(ji)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)(hua)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術研(yan)發，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)快小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)資源(yuan)保(bao)護利(li)用(yong)(yong)體(ti)系、商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)系建設(she)，培育(yu)(yu)生(sheng)長速度(du)快、出肉率高(gao)、抗逆性(xing)好(hao)、遺(yi)傳(chuan)性(xing)狀穩定(ding)的(de)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)新(xin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)(hua)供種(zhong)(zhong)能力。開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)秋苗(miao)繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)、溫室大(da)棚繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)、春季抱卵蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)研(yan)究，適(shi)應(ying)錯峰(feng)上市需(xu)要(yao)。三是(shi)補(bu)齊加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)短板。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)新(xin)設(she)備(bei)(bei)、新(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝研(yan)發，支持企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)改(gai)升(sheng)級(ji)，推(tui)動小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向(xiang)機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)(hua)、自動化(hua)(hua)、現代化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)。推(tui)廣(guang)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)“吃干(gan)榨凈(jing)”產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)調控關(guan)鍵技(ji)術研(yan)究，發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)便于食用(yong)(yong)的(de)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)預制菜，推(tui)進(jin)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)副(fu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)物綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)(yong)，變廢為寶(bao)，向(xiang)醫藥、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、環保(bao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)領域拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。建立(li)(li)完善從收(shou)儲、清洗、烹煮、剝殼、調味、包裝、運輸到機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)(bei)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、質(zhi)(zhi)量控制的(de)整套(tao)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)標準(zhun)體(ti)系，推(tui)動小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。四是(shi)推(tui)進(jin)集群化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)優勢產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)要(yao)聚焦小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，重點扶持一批龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，培育(yu)(yu)新(xin)型(xing)經營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)，發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+各類(lei)經營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)”經營(ying)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，建立(li)(li)穩定(ding)利(li)益聯結(jie)機(ji)制，推(tui)進(jin)大(da)基地建設(she)，同時打造區(qu)域公共品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌，布局產(chan)(chan)(chan)地初加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)精深加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，打造覆(fu)蓋生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、流通、科技(ji)、服務等(deng)(deng)(deng)于一體(ti)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集群，推(tui)進(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)深度(du)融合，延長產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)、優化(hua)(hua)供應(ying)鏈(lian)、提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)價值鏈(lian)，全(quan)面提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)質(zhi)(zhi)量效益和(he)(he)競爭力。

指導單位：農業農村(cun)部漁業漁政管(guan)理(li)局

編制單位及主要起草人：

全國(guo)水產(chan)技術推廣總站(zhan) 中國(guo)水產(chan)學會

于(yu)秀娟、郝向舉、黨子喬、楊霖坤

中國水產(chan)流通(tong)與(yu)加工協(xie)會(hui)

王雪光、張遠華、蔡俊、張寅(yin)