在2022第五(wu)屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)國(國際)小龍(long)蝦(xia)產業大(da)會上，《中(zhong)(zhong)國小龍(long)蝦(xia)產業發展報告（2022）》發布會如(ru)期(qi)召開(kai)。

《中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)報告（2022）》由全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術推廣總站 中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)學(xue)會、中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)流通與加(jia)工協(xie)會聯合編(bian)寫。報告全面梳理了2021年我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)養殖生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、加(jia)工和(he)流通、消費(fei)和(he)貿易、品牌和(he)節慶活動、飼料和(he)調味料生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)等(deng)上下游產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)及政策扶持(chi)等(deng)情(qing)況，分析了當前制(zhi)約產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的主要問題，并提出創新種養模式、夯實種業(ye)(ye)基礎(chu)、補齊加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)短板、推進集群(qun)化(hua)和(he)全產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈發(fa)展(zhan)等(deng)發(fa)展(zhan)建議(yi)。

此(ci)次發布會(hui)上，由全國(guo)水產(chan)技術(shu)推(tui)廣總(zong)站 中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水產(chan)學會(hui)副(fu)站長于秀娟、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水產(chan)流(liu)通與(yu)加(jia)工協會(hui)執行秘書長王雪光、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水產(chan)科學研究院副(fu)院長韓剛分別(bie)介(jie)紹了《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)報告（2022）》綜(zong)合篇(pian)、加(jia)工流(liu)通篇(pian)、品牌節慶篇(pian)重要內(nei)容。

從產業(ye)整(zheng)(zheng)體情況看(kan)，2021年，我國小龍(long)蝦產業(ye)繼續保持(chi)良好發(fa)展(zhan)勢(shi)頭(tou)，全產業(ye)鏈和集群化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)水平(ping)不斷提高。一產保持(chi)持(chi)續增長，二(er)三產發(fa)展(zhan)整(zheng)(zheng)體向好。

從產業規模看，2021年(nian)我國小(xiao)龍蝦總產值達4222億元，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長22％，超過2019年(nian)水平。其中一產約823億元，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長10%，二產約369億元，同比(bi)(bi)下降23%，三(san)產約3030億元，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長36%。一二三(san)產產值之比(bi)(bi)約為2∶1∶7。

從養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖生產(chan)看，養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖面(mian)積2600萬(wan)畝，同比(bi)(bi)增長9.01%；產(chan)量263.36萬(wan)噸，同比(bi)(bi)增長10.02%；養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖方式以稻蝦種養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)（為主(zhu)），兼具(ju)池塘養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖（包(bao)括精養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、蟹池混養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)）、藕田養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖、大水面(mian)增養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖等方式；全國(guo)小龍蝦養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖省(sheng)份23個(ge)，湖(hu)北、安徽、湖(hu)南、江(jiang)蘇、江(jiang)西仍然占(zhan)據絕對主(zhu)導(dao)地(di)位(wei)；全國(guo)小龍蝦養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖產(chan)量超2萬(wan)噸的縣（市、區）34個(ge)。

從政(zheng)策(ce)保障看，當前政(zheng)策(ce)扶持方向主要(yao)是(shi)促進(jin)產(chan)業集群發展(zhan)和(he)全產(chan)業鏈(lian)發展(zhan)，并突出科(ke)技支(zhi)撐保障作用。

從(cong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)情況看，2021年(nian)全國小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)規模(mo)以上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)達到162家，新增約30家，產(chan)能(neng)提(ti)升(sheng)明顯；小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要集(ji)中在(zai)湖北(bei)、江蘇、湖南、安徽(hui)、江西(xi)等傳統小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)養殖大省。小龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)品分為初(chu)級加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)品和以工(gong)(gong)(gong)副產(chan)物(wu)為原料生產(chan)的精深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)品，目前仍以初(chu)級加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)為主(zhu)。

從市(shi)(shi)場(chang)流通(tong)(tong)、消費情況看，2021年，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)價(jia)格(ge)企穩回升，不(bu)同規(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)價(jia)格(ge)均有(you)所(suo)上漲，但(dan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)分化明顯(xian)，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)價(jia)格(ge)周期性(xing)特征明顯(xian)，全(quan)年走勢(shi)仍然呈U型；市(shi)(shi)場(chang)流通(tong)(tong)方面，全(quan)國小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)流通(tong)(tong)體系不(bu)斷建(jian)立健全(quan)，交易市(shi)(shi)場(chang)建(jian)設和布(bu)局逐漸(jian)完善，電商(shang)平臺(tai)快速介(jie)入和發展，物流運(yun)輸能力不(bu)斷提高；2021年，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)線(xian)下消費基本(ben)恢復，線(xian)上消費繼續保持較快增長。

從進出口(kou)貿(mao)易情況(kuang)看，2021年(nian)我國(guo)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)國(guo)際貿(mao)易回暖(nuan)，全年(nian)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)出口(kou)量9863.46噸(dun)，同比增長(chang)27.42%，出口(kou)額(e)11943.13萬美元(yuan)，同比增長(chang)57.93%；小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)進口(kou)量5435.28噸(dun)，同比增長(chang)44.48%，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)進口(kou)額(e)10641.46萬美元(yuan)，同比增長(chang)80.05%。

從品(pin)(pin)牌建設情(qing)況看(kan)，各地加(jia)大區(qu)域公共(gong)品(pin)(pin)牌建設、推動(dong)品(pin)(pin)牌共(gong)建共(gong)享、打造小(xiao)龍蝦品(pin)(pin)牌體系(xi)。

從節(jie)慶(qing)活(huo)動(dong)看，各(ge)地通過舉辦各(ge)類小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)節(jie)、小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)開捕節(jie)、小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)美食節(jie)、蝦(xia)王爭霸賽、小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)產(chan)業(ye)博(bo)覽會(hui)等節(jie)慶(qing)活(huo)動(dong)，以節(jie)造市，拉動(dong)消費，提(ti)升品牌形象。

從(cong)發展建(jian)議角度，一(yi)是(shi)創新(xin)(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養模(mo)式(shi)。優(you)化(hua)(hua)提(ti)(ti)升、總結完(wan)善(shan)繁養分離模(mo)式(shi)；創新(xin)(xin)“稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)+N”等(deng)模(mo)式(shi)，豐富稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養內涵(han)，探索反季(ji)節種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養模(mo)式(shi)。二是(shi)夯實種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎。推(tui)動(dong)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)(xi)建(jian)設(she)(she)納入各地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)政策支持體系(xi)(xi)；加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源保護利用體系(xi)(xi)、商業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體系(xi)(xi)建(jian)設(she)(she)；開展小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)秋苗繁育、溫室(shi)大棚繁育、春季(ji)抱卵(luan)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)生產(chan)研究(jiu)，適應錯峰上市(shi)需要。三是(shi)補齊加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)短板。企業(ye)(ye)(ye)技改升級，推(tui)動(dong)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)向機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)、自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)、現代化(hua)(hua)轉型；推(tui)進(jin)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)副(fu)產(chan)物綜(zong)合利用；建(jian)立完(wan)善(shan)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)標準體系(xi)(xi)，推(tui)動(dong)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)標準化(hua)(hua)發展。四是(shi)推(tui)進(jin)集(ji)群化(hua)(hua)和全產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發展。發展“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)+各類經(jing)營(ying)主體”經(jing)營(ying)模(mo)式(shi)；打造區域公共品(pin)牌；布局產(chan)地(di)初加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和精深加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)；打造一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)群，延長(chang)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)、優(you)化(hua)(hua)供應鏈(lian)、提(ti)(ti)升價值鏈(lian)。